Fibroblasts are the main cells of fibrous connective tissue, that forms organs' stroma, intercalations between organs' lobules, follows vessels and nerves, comprises muscle membranes and skin (its middle part – derma). These cells synthesize all components of extracellular matrix; the basic structure of the tissue. Besides, fibroblasts regulate the functioning of other connective tissue cell types. The integrity of skin's structure and chemical consistency is provided with functioning of fibroblasts.

    The essential parts of extracellular matrix are fibers (collagen, reticular fibers and elastic) and amorphous substance (hyaluronian acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatansulfate, heparin and others). The fibers that form derma appear to be its main framework. They form a thin three-dimensional network (reticular fibers), penetrated with thick bundles of collagen fibers. This structure provides the skin for mechanical stability and durability. Elastic fibers are less abundant, besides the parts that undergo great tension. They provide the tissue with the feature of reversible deformation (the ability to get a former state after temporary shift). Fibers in derma form not only its framework, but also provide it for correct spatial distribution of all structural elements. Besides, collagen fibers can affect the activity of different cell types, determining their functional status. Between collagen fibers different cells are presented (besides fibroblasts, the most abundant cell type in derma, there are macrophages, mast cells and melanocytes) and, also, amorphous substance, that plays a key role in water transport, binds, stores and releases growth factors.


    Fibroblasts synthesize and also support (regulate) the whole complex system that defines the external skin state. The activity of fibroblasts declines during aging and aggressive environmental factors attack, a great imbalance of new collagen and elastin synthesis and defective proteins utilization occur. The production of binding component in connective tissue – amorphous compound – declines. A skin loses resilience, tightness and elasticity, color deterioration, wrinkles appears. Thus, the aesthetic medicine and cosmetology notices this unique cell types. Restoration of cells' number facilitates the abundant synthesize of the new collagen and elastin, that incorporates in the emerging network of filament framework formation. Besides, the injected fibroblasts support the activation of skin stem cells, strengthening its resilience to external factors. Despite the fact that fibroblasts are differentiated cells, in fact, they are cells of the youth, due to their constant renew of all structural elements in connective tissues.